Russia

Mid-year estimate of the resident population.

Unit: people

Population divided by land area; inland waters are excluded from the area denominator.

Unit: people/km²

Annual percentage change in population relative to the preceding year.

Unit: %

Annual live births divided by mid-year population, expressed per 1,000 people.

Unit: per 1,000 people

Annual deaths divided by mid-year population, expressed per 1,000 people.

Unit: per 1,000 people

Expected births per woman over her lifetime if current age-specific fertility rates continue.

Unit: births/woman

People aged 65 and above as a percentage of the total population.

Unit: %

People aged 0 to 14 as a percentage of the total population.

Unit: %

Urban residents as a percentage of the population. Definitions of urban areas differ between economies.

Unit: %

International migrant stock as a percentage of the population. This measures the stock, rather than annual arrivals.

Unit: %

Total surface area, including inland waters and some coastal waterways.

Unit: km²

Land area, with inland waters excluded.

Unit: km²

Total area classified as forest by the source.

Unit: km²

Forest area as a percentage of land area.

Unit: %

Calculated from same-year arable land percentage and land area. Permanent crop land is excluded. Values are converted to hectares.

Unit: hectares

Arable land area divided by population, in hectares per person.

Unit: hectares/person

Renewable internal freshwater resources in billion cubic metres. This is a long-term resource estimate; cross-border inflows are outside the internal-resource definition.

Unit: 10⁹ m³

Renewable internal freshwater resources divided by population.

Unit: m³ / person

GDP expressed in current US dollars. Both exchange-rate movements and price changes are reflected in the value.

Unit: US$

GDP in current US dollars divided by population. This measures average economic output, rather than personal income.

Unit: US$

GDP converted using purchasing power parities, expressed in current international dollars.

Unit: international $

GDP per person converted using purchasing power parities, in current international dollars.

Unit: international $

Annual growth in real GDP, with price changes removed.

Unit: %

Annual growth in real GDP per person, with price changes removed.

Unit: %

Gross national income converted to current US dollars using the World Bank Atlas method. GNI and GDP measure different concepts.

Unit: US$

GNI per person converted using the World Bank Atlas method, in current US dollars.

Unit: US$

Value added by manufacturing, expressed in current US dollars.

Unit: US$

Value added by services, expressed in current US dollars.

Unit: US$

Average life evaluation in the World Happiness Report 2026. Respondents rate their lives from 0 to 10. The displayed year is the final year of the three-year period: 2025 means 2023–2025. This is not a single-year 2026 survey or the sum of six explanatory factors.

Unit: score 0–10

UNDP’s HDI combines life expectancy, education and living standards. Higher values indicate higher human development. The 2025 report provides observations through 2023, using one report’s historical series. It does not describe conditions in real time or cover every aspect of inequality or personal safety.

Unit: index 0–1

Transparency International’s CPI measures experts’ and businesspeople’s perceptions of public-sector corruption. Zero means highly corrupt and 100 means very clean. It is not the proportion of actual corruption cases or a census of every form of corruption.

Unit: index 0–100

ILO modeled estimate of unemployed people as a percentage of the labor force.

Unit: %

ILO modeled unemployment rate for the labor force aged 15 to 24.

Unit: %

ILO modeled labor force participation rate among people aged 15 and above.

Unit: %

ILO modeled labor force participation rate among women aged 15 and above.

Unit: %

GDP per employed person in constant 2021 purchasing-power-parity dollars. This is output per worker, rather than output per hour.

Unit: 2021 PPP $/worker

Gini inequality index on a scale from 0 to 100. Survey years and income-versus-consumption definitions differ across economies.

Unit: index 0–100

Population below the source's current international poverty line. Consult the original metadata for the monetary threshold and PPP base year.

Unit: %

Victims of intentional homicide per 100,000 people, from UNODC and distributed by the World Bank. The default ranking is lowest first. This is not an overall crime rate or travel-safety score. Registration systems and reporting completeness differ between countries.

Unit: per 100,000 people

Women’s share of seats in a national parliament’s single or lower chamber, from the Inter-Parliamentary Union. Parliamentary representation does not measure every aspect of gender equality. Observation dates follow the source.

Unit: %

The Institute for Economics and Peace’s Global Peace Index 2026 combines 23 indicators of societal safety, ongoing conflict and militarisation. Lower scores mean greater peacefulness and rank first. The year is the report edition, not a common observation year for all underlying data. It is not a guarantee of safety for individual travellers.

Unit: index 1–5

Annual military expenditure under SIPRI definitions, in current US dollars, including personnel, operations, procurement and military research. Exchange rates and inflation affect comparisons across years. Expenditure is not a direct measure of military strength.

Unit: US$

Merchandise exports in current US dollars. Services are outside this indicator's scope.

Unit: US$

Merchandise imports in current US dollars. Services are outside this indicator's scope.

Unit: US$

Commercial service exports in current US dollars, measured separately from merchandise exports.

Unit: US$

Commercial service imports in current US dollars, measured separately from merchandise imports.

Unit: US$

Same-year merchandise exports minus merchandise imports. Negative values indicate a trade deficit.

Unit: US$

Annual foreign direct investment net inflows in current US dollars. Net flows can be negative.

Unit: US$

International reserves, including gold, expressed in current US dollars.

Unit: US$

Annual percentage change in the consumer price index.

Unit: %

Central government debt as a percentage of GDP. This scope differs from general government debt and coverage is incomplete.

Unit: % of GDP

Life expectancy at birth estimated using mortality conditions in the reporting period.

Unit: years

Expected years lived in good health. This measures a different concept from total life expectancy.

Unit: years

Infant mortality rate: deaths before the first birthday per 1,000 live births.

Unit: per 1,000 births

Deaths before age five per 1,000 live births.

Unit: per 1,000 births

Modeled maternal deaths per 100,000 live births.

Unit: per 100,000 births

Current health expenditure per person, in current US dollars. Capital investment is excluded.

Unit: US$

Current health expenditure as a percentage of GDP.

Unit: % of GDP

Physicians per 1,000 people. Consult source metadata for coverage and professional definitions.

Unit: per 1,000 people

Hospital beds per 1,000 people.

Unit: per 1,000 people

Composite index of essential health service coverage, on a scale of 0 to 100. This measures service coverage rather than overall healthcare quality.

Unit: index 0–100

Counts universities in the ARWU 2026 top 1,000 by the original country or territory classification. This is a count of listed institutions, not all universities or a measure of teaching quality. Countries absent from the list are not assigned zero.

Unit: universities

Literacy rate among people aged 15 and above.

Unit: %

Literacy rate among people aged 15 to 24.

Unit: %

Gross primary completion rate under the source definition. Over-age and other enrollments can produce values above 100%.

Unit: %

Gross lower-secondary completion rate under the source definition.

Unit: %

Gross tertiary enrollment rate. The denominator is the population of the corresponding official age group; values can exceed 100%.

Unit: %

Government education expenditure as a percentage of GDP.

Unit: % of GDP

Number of primary school pupils divided by the number of teachers.

Unit: pupils/teacher

Research and development expenditure as a percentage of GDP.

Unit: % of GDP

Full-time-equivalent researchers in R&D per million people.

Unit: per million people

Patent applications filed by residents. Applications and granted patents are separate measures.

Unit: patent applications

WIPO’s Global Innovation Index 2026 combines innovation inputs and outputs. Higher scores indicate stronger innovation performance. The year identifies the report edition; underlying data mainly comes from 2024–2026. Annual methods and data can change, so comparisons across years require the official methodology.

Unit: index 0–100

Scientific and technical journal articles from National Science Foundation/Scopus data distributed by the World Bank, allocated fractionally by authors’ institutional countries. This does not cover all subjects or publications and is not a ranking of research quality. See the original metadata for scope.

Unit: articles

Individuals using the internet as a percentage of the population, under the source's survey definition.

Unit: %

Calculated from same-year internet usage percentage multiplied by population and divided by 100.

Unit: people

Microsoft’s AI Economy Institute estimates the proportion of the working-age population using generative AI products. These estimates refer to June 2026 in the second-quarter report. Anonymized telemetry is adjusted for device, market-share and internet differences. It is not a population census, enterprise adoption rate or AI capability ranking.

Unit: %

Fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 people. Subscriptions and individual subscribers are different counts.

Unit: per 100 people

Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 people. Multiple subscriptions can produce values above 100.

Unit: per 100 people

Percentage of the population covered by a 4G mobile network, rather than the percentage subscribing to the service.

Unit: %

Percentage of the population covered by a 5G mobile network, rather than the percentage subscribing to the service.

Unit: %

UN Tourism counts international tourist arrival trips, not unique individuals: repeated visits by one person are counted again. The main definition is overnight visitors; US data includes some same-day trips. The default year follows the coverage threshold; newer lower-coverage years may be selected. Missing values are not filled using other years.

Unit: arrivals

Railway route length in kilometres. Route length and total track length are different measures.

Unit: km

Same-year railway route length divided by land area and multiplied by 1,000, in km per 1,000 square kilometres.

Unit: km / 1000 km²

Passengers carried by airlines registered in the economy. This differs from passenger traffic at the economy's airports.

Unit: passengers

Freight carried by airlines registered in the economy, in million tonne-kilometres.

Unit: 10⁶ t·km

Container port traffic in twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU).

Unit: TEU

Overall logistics performance index, on a scale from 1 to 5. The index is published periodically rather than annually.

Unit: index 1–5

Road traffic deaths per 100,000 people. Some observations are modeled estimates.

Unit: per 100,000 people

Percentage of the population using safely managed drinking-water services.

Unit: %

Percentage of the population using safely managed sanitation services.

Unit: %

Percentage of the population with basic handwashing facilities, including soap and water, at home.

Unit: %

Oil production expressed in terawatt-hours of energy. Product coverage follows the original energy metadata.

Unit: TWh

Natural gas production converted to terawatt-hours of energy.

Unit: TWh

Coal production expressed in terawatt-hours of energy, rather than tonnes of material.

Unit: TWh

Total annual electricity generation, in terawatt-hours.

Unit: TWh

Annual electricity consumption per person, in kilowatt-hours.

Unit: kWh/person

Percentage of the population with access to electricity.

Unit: %

Renewable electricity generation as a percentage of total electricity generation, including hydropower.

Unit: %

Installed solar generation capacity at year end, in gigawatts. Capacity and electricity generation are separate measures.

Unit: GW

Installed wind generation capacity at year end, in gigawatts. Capacity and electricity generation are separate measures.

Unit: GW

Annual nuclear electricity generation in terawatt-hours.

Unit: TWh

Annual CO2 emissions in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent. Land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) are excluded.

Unit: million tonnes CO₂e

Annual CO2 emissions per person from the same source, with LULUCF excluded.

Unit: tonnes CO₂e/person

Same-year CO2 emissions divided by GDP in constant 2015 US dollars. Emissions in million tonnes are converted to kilograms.

Unit: kg CO₂e/2015 US$

Greenhouse gas emissions converted to CO2 equivalents using AR5 global warming potentials. LULUCF is excluded.

Unit: million tonnes CO₂e

Population-weighted annual mean exposure to PM2.5, in micrograms per cubic metre.

Unit: µg/m³

Forest area in the reporting year minus forest area in the preceding year, matching each economy. Negative values indicate net loss.

Unit: km²/year

Terrestrial protected areas as a percentage of land area.

Unit: %

Marine protected areas as a percentage of the corresponding marine area, under the source's coverage definition.

Unit: %

Freshwater withdrawals as a percentage of available freshwater resources, after allowing for environmental flow requirements.

Unit: %

Total cereal production in tonnes. Cereals are one subset of total food production.

Unit: tonnes

Annual paddy rice production in tonnes. This measures harvested paddy rice rather than milled rice.

Unit: tonnes

Annual wheat production in tonnes.

Unit: tonnes

Annual maize production in tonnes.

Unit: tonnes

Annual soybean production in tonnes.

Unit: tonnes

Total primary meat production in tonnes, using the FAOSTAT weight definition.

Unit: tonnes

Combined capture fisheries and aquaculture production in tonnes.

Unit: tonnes

Cereal production per hectare of harvested area, in kilograms per hectare.

Unit: kg/hectare

Estimated percentage of the population with insufficient dietary energy intake. The source may use multi-year averages.

Unit: %