World rankings / DATA EXPLORER

THE GLOBAL INDEX #050

Central government debt2022

Central government debt as a percentage of GDP. This scope differs from general government debt and coverage is incomplete.

World Bank
Comparable ranking year2023Latest published year: 2024
Economies with data43 / 217No observation: 174
First-ranked country or territorySingapore152.53 % of GDP

Top 10

% of GDP · 2022
01Singapore
152.53
04Spain
109.02
05San Marino
103.15
06Jordan
91.95
07Iceland
85.09
08Brazil
79.1
09Hungary
77.99
10Bahamas
77.66

Complete ranking

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Central government debt · 2022 · % of GDP
RankCountry / territoryValue (% of GDP)Year
01Singapore152.532022
02United Kingdom138.222022
03United States112.722022
04Spain109.022022
05San Marino103.152022
06Jordan91.952022
07Iceland85.092022
08Brazil79.12022
09Hungary77.992022
10Bahamas77.662022
11Mozambique76.632022
12South Africa76.232022
13El Salvador74.042022
14Vanuatu73.072022
15Colombia70.262022
16Burkina Faso63.192022
17Thailand60.342022
18Malaysia60.152022
19Canada59.432022
20Albania58.522022
21Australia57.882022
22Malawi55.62022
23New Zealand53.922022
24Uganda53.892022
25Uruguay53.752022
26Papua New Guinea48.192022
27Andorra48.122022
28South Korea47.612022
29Kyrgyzstan47.092022
30Armenia46.552022
31Mexico43.972022
32Somalia43.382022
33Georgia42.972022
34Bosnia & Herzegovina41.742022
35Türkiye35.332022
36Moldova34.492022
37Cambodia27.492022
38Kazakhstan21.352022
39Russia19.282022
40Botswana18.332022
41Switzerland16.972022
42Solomon Islands16.442022
43Congo - Kinshasa14.942022

How this ranking works

For annual statistics, the default is the newest year covering at least 70% of the maximum available country coverage, and at least 20 economies where possible. A ranking uses one year or report edition; missing observations are not replaced with another year. Newer years with lower coverage can be selected.

Intentional homicide rates and peace scores rank from lowest to highest; other indicators rank from highest to lowest. Ranks use original values and competition ranking for ties, for example 1, 2, 2, 4. Filtering or changing display order does not recalculate global ranks. Higher values are not necessarily better.

Statistics reflect the public source snapshot, not live measurements. Some series are modeled estimates or multi-year averages. See original metadata.

No observation (174)

Afghanistan · Algeria · American Samoa · Angola · Antigua & Barbuda · Argentina · Aruba · Austria · Azerbaijan · Bahrain · Bangladesh · Barbados · Belarus · Belgium · Belize · Benin · Bermuda · Bhutan · Bolivia · British Virgin Islands · Brunei · Bulgaria · Burundi · Cameroon · Cape Verde · Cayman Islands · Central African Republic · Chad · Channel Islands · Chile · China · Comoros · Congo - Brazzaville · Costa Rica · Croatia · Cuba · Curaçao · Cyprus · Czechia · Côte d’Ivoire · Denmark · Djibouti · Dominica · Dominican Republic · Ecuador · Egypt · Equatorial Guinea · Eritrea · Estonia · Eswatini · Ethiopia · Faroe Islands · Fiji · Finland · France · French Polynesia · Gabon · Gambia · Germany · Ghana · Gibraltar · Greece · Greenland · Grenada · Guam · Guatemala · Guinea · Guinea-Bissau · Guyana · Haiti · Honduras · Hong Kong SAR China · India · Indonesia · Iran · Iraq · Ireland · Isle of Man · Israel · Italy · Jamaica · Japan · Kenya · Kiribati · Kosovo · Kuwait · Laos · Latvia · Lebanon · Lesotho · Liberia · Libya · Liechtenstein · Lithuania · Luxembourg · Macao SAR China · Madagascar · Maldives · Mali · Malta · Marshall Islands · Mauritania · Mauritius · Micronesia · Monaco · Mongolia · Montenegro · Morocco · Myanmar (Burma) · Namibia · Nauru · Nepal · Netherlands · New Caledonia · Nicaragua · Niger · Nigeria · North Korea · North Macedonia · Northern Mariana Islands · Norway · Oman · Pakistan · Palau · Palestinian Territories · Panama · Paraguay · Peru · Philippines · Poland · Portugal · Puerto Rico · Qatar · Romania · Rwanda · Samoa · Saudi Arabia · Senegal · Serbia · Seychelles · Sierra Leone · Sint Maarten · Slovakia · Slovenia · South Sudan · Sri Lanka · St. Kitts & Nevis · St. Lucia · St. Martin · St. Vincent & Grenadines · Sudan · Suriname · Sweden · Syria · São Tomé & Príncipe · Tajikistan · Tanzania · Timor-Leste · Togo · Tonga · Trinidad & Tobago · Tunisia · Turkmenistan · Turks & Caicos Islands · Tuvalu · U.S. Virgin Islands · Ukraine · United Arab Emirates · Uzbekistan · Venezuela · Vietnam · Yemen · Zambia · Zimbabwe

Source & definition

Indicator definition
Central government debt as a percentage of GDP. This scope differs from general government debt and coverage is incomplete.
Unit
% of GDP
Source & definition
World Bank · GC.DOD.TOTL.GD.ZS
Open original source ↗
Original metadata
Debt is the entire stock of direct government fixed-term contractual obligations to others outstanding on a particular date. It includes domestic and foreign liabilities such as currency and money deposits, securities other than shares, and loans. It is the gross amount of government liabilities reduced by the amount of equity and financial derivatives held by the government. Because debt is a stock rather than a flow, it is measured as of a given date, usually the last day of the fiscal year. Central government is the part of general government that includes all administrative departments of the national executive, legislative, and judicial functions, other central agencies and those non-market producers controlled by the central government, whose competence extends normally over the whole economic territory. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.

{
  "id": "GC.DOD.TOTL.GD.ZS",
  "name": "Central government debt, total (% of GDP)",
  "unit": "",
  "source": {
    "id": "2",
    "value": "World Development Indicators"
  },
  "sourceNote": "Debt is the entire stock of direct government fixed-term contractual obligations to others outstanding on a particular date. It includes domestic and foreign liabilities such as currency and money deposits, securities other than shares, and loans. It is the gross amount of government liabilities reduced by the amount of equity and financial derivatives held by the government. Because debt is a stock rather than a flow, it is measured as of a given date, usually the last day of the fiscal year. Central government is the part of general government that includes all administrative departments of the national executive, legislative, and judicial functions, other central agencies and those non-market producers controlled by the central government, whose competence extends normally over the whole economic territory. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.",
  "sourceOrganization": "Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF)",
  "topics": [
    {
      "id": "3",
      "value": "Economy & Growth"
    },
    {
      "id": "13",
      "value": "Public Sector "
    }
  ]
}